逆行者的告白：與烏克蘭站在一起

2022 年 08 月 19 日 | 卓越新聞電子報, 新聞專業

撰文：張乾琦｜馬格蘭通訊社終生會員

翻譯：陳虹瑾｜《鏡週刊》人物組主筆

關於本文：

2022年2月24日烏俄戰爭開打，攝影師張乾琦在3月4日便進入烏克蘭，以鏡頭紀錄戰地群像。張乾琦以英文書寫、記錄，分享烏克蘭戰地紀實心得，《鏡週刊》在2022年5月25日第295期刊出〈前線的前線　攝影師張乾琦烏克蘭直擊〉全文翻譯，《卓越新聞電子報》獲《鏡週刊》同意轉載譯文，本篇以中英對照形式呈現，於每段原文下方附上《鏡週刊》人物組主筆陳虹瑾之中文翻譯。

張乾琦（1961年－）是台裔攝影師，台灣唯一的馬格蘭攝影通訊社終生會員，曾獲荷蘭世界新聞攝影獎、美國NPPA年度攝影師、法國影像Visa國際紀實攝影獎、尤金．史密斯人道主義攝影獎、美國年度新聞攝影獎、第28屆東元獎人文類獎等攝影獎項。其最具代表性的作品為《The Chain》，以鏡頭記錄精神疾病收容機構「龍發堂」收容人的生活狀態。

Before the Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, getting from Vienna to Kyiv took a little less than two hours in the air. But now the journey takes about two days, using all forms of transportation—train, car, bus, taxi—plus hours of waiting at borders and numerous checkpoints.

在2月24日俄國侵略烏克蘭之前，我從維也納搭機前往基輔不過兩個多小時。如今，同樣旅程需要花上兩天時間，還得用盡各種可能的交通方式－－火車、汽車、巴士、計程車，加上在邊境等待的數個小時，以及無數個檢查哨。

Still, I am finally home again from war-torn Ukraine. I dropped my helmet and body armor on the floor and tossed the clothes I have been wearing for almost a month into the washing machine. Besides the swooshing and the occasional thump from the machine, it’s eerily quiet, as always, at home, with the snowcapped Alps on the distant horizon. I watered my cacti, left a voice mail for my kids, and opened a bottle of red wine. I wanted to decompress and thought I could use a bit of intoxication. I fell asleep with my head on the kitchen table. But then the spinning of the washing machine became the air alarm siren in Ukraine, and I startled awake.

無論如何，我總算從被戰爭撕裂的烏克蘭回到（位於葛拉芝的）家中。我把頭盔和防彈背心丟到地上，把穿了將近一個月的衣服扔進洗衣機，除了偶爾傳來的洗衣機砰砰聲，周遭是一片詭異的安靜。如同往常，我從家中望見遠方地平線上，覆著雪的阿爾卑斯山。我給仙人掌澆水，留言給孩子們，打開紅酒。我想藉酒精放鬆一下，趴在廚房桌上睡著了，洗衣機開始旋轉，轟隆隆的洗衣機聲變成烏克蘭的空襲警報，我被驚醒。

記錄邪惡侵略，為了台灣年輕世代

In the past thirty plus years, I have photographed conflicts in different parts of the world, but I am not a war photographer per se. Still, I have determined to document Russia’s evil invasion, for I fear Taiwan could be the next country to be attacked by a large and powerful neighbor. I want to share my observations and documentary coverage, particularly with the younger generation in Taiwan.

過去30年間，我在全球各地拍攝衝突事件，我不以戰地記者自居。然而，基於恐懼台灣可能成為下個遭強鄰侵略的國家，我堅決要紀錄這場俄羅斯發動的邪惡侵略。我想分享自己的觀察、紀錄報導－－特別為了台灣年輕世代。

In early March, several days after entering Ukraine, I decided to be honest with my kids and let them know that I was in Ukraine, not Poland as I had told them before I left. But I promised them that I would be extra careful and that we would video-chat every night and I kept my promise during seven weeks and two trips to Ukraine. My children have kept my sanity intact, but every time I tried to move closer to the front line in the Donetsk region or the far south of Zaporizhzhia, where Russian soldiers are on the other side of the river, I hesitated, as I could hear the distant incoming and outgoing artillery from all directions.

三月初，進入烏克蘭數日後，我決定對我的孩子們說實話。我告知他們我人在烏克蘭，而非離家前我對他們說的波蘭。不過，我同時對他們保證，我會格外注意安全，以及我會每晚與他們視訊通話。在總長七週、共兩趟前往烏克蘭的旅程期間，我維持了對孩子們的承諾。我的孩子們讓我保持理智；只是每當我試著接近頓內次克或烏克蘭東南部的扎波羅熱，砲擊聲自四面八方而來，俄軍就在河的對岸，我總是猶豫。

Never pee in the woods, I was told, because I might step on a landmine or hit a booby trap. I was also reminded that a tampon could not stop catastrophic bleeding. As many times as I practiced the use of a tourniquet kit, I doubt I could use it in time if I were in shock. And shouldn’t I carry four tourniquet kits? After all, I have four limbs.

我被叮囑過千萬不要在樹林裡撒尿，因為有可能因此踩到地雷或詭雷裡。也曾被提醒一枚衛生棉條絕對止不住災難般的大失血。即使已經練習了無數次，我還是懷疑在受到高度驚嚇的情況下，我能不能即時的使用繃帶止血？我應該攜帶四條止血繃帶嗎？畢竟手腳加起來總共有四隻耶。

In the late afternoon of March 26, 2022 in Lviv, two Russian cruise missiles flew over my head and struck the oil depot ten kilometers away from the city center. After several loud, shattering and pounding explosions, thick black smoke billowed out of the depot throughout the night. The city was in an extremely tense mode with police and fire engine sirens screaming by from all directions.

3月26日傍晚，兩枚俄國飛彈飛過我頭頂，擊中市中心十公里外的油庫。幾聲巨大的爆炸聲響後，厚厚黑煙如巨浪般自油庫方向滾出來，持續了整晚。整個城市處極其緊張，四面八方皆響起警車和消防車的警鈴。

Lviv, some 70 kilometers from the Polish border, had been considered safe. It was where most of the foreign diplomats had relocated from Kyiv weeks before the war. But clearly no place is absolutely safe or secure. There are about ten thousand calls a day about suspicious activities. The hunt for Russian saboteurs has always been clandestine and on high alert.

距波蘭、烏克蘭邊境僅70多公里的烏克蘭西部城市利沃夫，被認為是相對安全的地方。戰爭開打數週以前，已有不少國家的外交人員從基輔撤退至此。只是，顯然在烏克蘭境內已經沒有安全的地方了。在烏克蘭境內，每天關於可疑行動的電話就有大約一萬通。人們以一種秘密、高度警戒的方式，追捕烏克蘭境內潛在的俄羅斯「破壞者」。

Perhaps it is the absurdity of my profession that I tend to run towards the places people are running away from. Yet I have never seen a nation that is so emotionally and strategically united, on every level of society, to fight the aggressor. The unjust war has also united Europe and the majority of the world’s democratic nations. Ukraine has earned and deserves this support and respect. There has been an outpouring of international donations, but just as important are all of the Ukrainians helping their own people since the invasion began.

我的工作的荒謬性或許在於，我傾向前往人們不停逃出的地方，一個逆行者。然而，我從未見到一個國家從集體情緒到策略面，社會每個階層如此團結，只為一同對抗侵略者。這場毫無正當性的戰爭，同時團結了歐洲和全球多數的民主國家。烏克蘭贏得、並且值得來自世界的支持與尊敬。來自全球的大量捐款湧入烏克蘭，同樣重要的是，從俄國發動侵略開始，所有烏克蘭人都試著幫助自己的國家。

此刻歐洲巨變，彷若中國侵台的預演

As far as I am concerned, the war in Ukraine started in 2014 with Russian separatist militia in the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine and the Russian illegal annexation of Crimea. Thus the Ukrainian military has been fighting for eight years and has received military training from Western nations for those eight years!

對我而言，這場在烏克蘭的戰爭始於2014年烏東頓巴斯地區的親俄分離主義者以及俄羅斯非法併吞克里米亞。這樣算來，烏軍已打了八年戰爭，且烏軍接受西方國家軍事訓練也已長達八年！

Now, the international community is uneasily monitoring China’s support of its northern neighbor. Since both leaders in this strategic partnership are now without term limits, many see the European conflict as a mock-run for an invasion in Taiwan. Isn’t it a warning for everyone who lives next door to a puissant nation with a taste for empire? If Taiwan is under attack, will we have the will and courage to unite and fight at any cost? Will I hang up my camera and pick up a rifle?

目前，國際社會正不安地檢視中國如何支持它的東北鄰居。由於中國與俄羅斯的領導人有其策略結盟，且皆無任期限制，許多人認為此刻發生在歐洲巨變彷彿一場中國侵略台灣的預演。想稱帝的強鄰就在你隔壁，這對所有世人來說，難道不是警訊嗎？如果台灣遭受攻擊，我們會有不計代價團結、抵抗的意志與勇氣嗎？我會收起我的相機，然後拿起步槍嗎？

Will the international communities come to help? Will foreign fighters join us to fight the aggressor? Two members of the Ukrainian Territorial Defense in Donetsk said to me that Ukrainians are aware that Taiwan could be attacked by China! If that happens, one soldier with a code name Picasso hoisted his AK-47 high and told me “we will come to defend Taiwan.” I hugged him hard. I looked at him, and I raised my hand with my fist clenched in solidarity.

國際社會會來幫我們嗎？外國軍人會加入我們、反擊侵略者嗎？兩名來自頓內次克的烏克蘭國土防衛軍告訴我，烏克蘭人們注意到，台灣有可能遭到中國侵略！其中一名代號畢卡索（Picasso）的軍人高舉他的AK-47，他告訴我，如果中國侵略台灣，「我們會來協防台灣。」我緊緊抱住他。我看著他，握緊拳頭。

Yesterday I got a text message from my fixer, Rob, in Donetsk, who told me that Picasso and his fellow fighters were killed while relocating to another village. I have a hole in my heart. I asked Rob how to make a donation to Picasso’s family. Picasso was a big man with a big heart, and he gave his life to his country. I know I will return to continue to document this war. All the hardship we have endured together in the bunkers, on the roads and in the trenches have bonded us. The Ukrainians are not just photographic subjects. I have made new friends I care about. I stand with Ukraine.

昨天我在頓內次克的翻譯鮑伯傳訊給我，告知畢卡索和他的同僚在移防中陣亡。我的心裡有一個洞。我問鮑伯，如何捐款給畢卡索的家人？畢卡索是一個有大愛、了不起的人，他把生命給了他的國家。我知道我會回到烏克蘭，繼續記錄這場戰爭。我們在碉堡內、路面上與壕溝裡共同經歷的那些磨難，已將我們團結在一起。烏克蘭人之與我，不僅僅是拍攝的對象而已。他們是我在乎的新朋友。我與烏克蘭站在一起。